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Samantha Levine

Student Experience Project Event to Outline Results Demonstrating Increased Student Belonging and Academic Success

July 13, 2022

A multi-year national project focused on increasing student belonging and academic success has culminated in a new report from the Student Experience Project (SEP) outlining tangible interventions universities and colleges can implement. The report, Increasing Equity in College Student Experience: Findings from a National Collaborative, draws on a vast data set measuring students’ self-reported sense of belonging and subsequent academic performance. The report also outlines how universities can better understand existing student experiences, address inequities in outcomes, and make changes to support the well-being, engagement, and academic outcomes of all students. 

SEP engaged 295 faculty over the course of the project to foster classrooms where students feel that they belong, are valued, and that they can succeed. The project collected feedback from 10,000 students each semester about their classroom experiences. The percentage of students reporting an overall positive experience increased by approximately 10.5% in fall 2020 and spring 2021. SEP efforts were most strongly associated with improved experiences for Black, Latina, and Native American women. The percentage of Black, Latina, and Native American women experiencing financial stress who reported an overall positive experience of their learning environment increased by approximately 25% in fall 2020 and spring 2021.

Data also demonstrated that these improvements in student experience are associated with better grades. As students’ experiences became more positive over the term, their likelihood of earning an A or B in the course increased, and their likelihood of earning a D, F, or W (formally withdrawing from the course) decreased.

At 12 p.m. ET today, the SEP will share the results of the pathbreaking effort during a webinar highlighting the impact of the evidence-based practices to boost students’ sense of belonging and improve academic outcomes. The webinar will feature a panel discussion with practitioners who have led change on their campuses.

The project concluded:

  • Faculty are essential and interested partners in efforts to improve the student experience and create institutional change;
  • With the right resources and institutional support, faculty can meaningfully improve students’ experience;
  • Improved student experience predicts improved academic outcomes and engagement;

To support institutions in advancing their goals to promote equitable student experience and outcomes, the SEP has made the tools and resources developed through this project freely available in the new SEP Resource Hub. The hub includes: 

  • The First Day Toolkit, an online module and companion resources to revise syllabi to support student belonging on the first day of class; 
  • The Community of Practice Handbook, a guide to bringing faculty together to improve student experience; 
  • The Classroom Practices Library, field-tested guides for faculty to implement evidence-based practices to support equity, belonging and growth throughout the term; 
  • Ascend, a data-driven professional learning program for instructors and administrators to understand how students are experiencing their learning environment and what they can do to make those experiences more equitable, more engaging, and more supportive of student success.

The project is supported by the Raikes Foundation, along with a partnership of the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities (APLU), Coalition of Urban Serving Universities (USU); College Transition Collaborative (CTC, now part of Equity Accelerator); Education Counsel; Project for Education Research that Scales (PERTS); and Shift. University partners for this groundbreaking project are Colorado State University; University of Colorado Denver, University of New Mexico; University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Portland State University; and University of Toledo. 

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SEP Resource Hub References

July 12, 2022

The following is a list of references cited throughout the SEP Resource Hub. 

Achacoso, M. (2004). Post-test analysis: A tool for developing students’ metacognitive awareness and self-regulation. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 100: 115 – 119.

Ambrose, S. A., Bridges, M.W., DiPietro, M., Lovett, M. L.. Norman, M.K. (2010). How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.

Brady, S. T., Kroeper, K. M., Ozier, E. M., Henderson, A. G., Walton, G. M. & the College Transition Collaborative (2018). Academic probation and the role of notification letters [Research Brief]. Retrieved from http://collegetransitioncollaborative.org/content/sass_toolkit_researchbrief_final.pdf

Boucher, K., Murphy, M., Bartell, D., Smail, J., Logel, C. & Danek, J. (2021) Centering the Student Experience: What Faculty and Institutions Can Do to Advance Equity. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 53(6), 42-50.

Broton, K. A., & Goldrick-Rab, S. (2017). Going Without: An Exploration of Food and Housing Insecurity Among Undergraduates. Educational Researcher, 47(2), 121-133.

Browman, A. S., & Destin, M. (2016). The Effects of a Warm or Chilly Climate Toward Socioeconomic Diversity on Academic Motivation and Self-Concept. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 42(2), 172–187.

Canning, E.A., Muenks, K., Green, D.J., & Murphy, M.C. (2019). STEM faculty who believe ability is fixed have larger racial achievement gaps and inspire less student motivation in their classes. Science Advances, 5(2).

Chang, M. J., Eagan, M. K., Lin, M. H., & Hurtado, S. (2011). Considering the Impact of Racial Stigmas and Science Identity: Persistence Among Biomedical and Behavioral Science Aspirants. Journal of Higher Education, 82(5), 564–596.

Cohen, G. L., Steele, C. M., & Ross, L. D. (1999). The mentor’s dilemma: Providing critical feedback across the racial divide. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(10), 1302–1318.

Covarrubias, R. & Fryberg, S. A. (2015). The impact of self-relevant representations on school belonging for underrepresented Native American students, Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21, 10-18.

Cundiff, J. L., Matsick, J. L., & Vescio, T. K. (2011, January). Cues of belongingness on websites of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) departments. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. San Antonio, Texas.

Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

Goldrick-Rab, S., Baker-Smith, C., Coca, V., Looker, E., & Williams, T. (2019). College and University Basic Needs Insecurity: A National #RealCollege Survey Report. Madison, WI: Wisconsin HOPE Lab.

Hattie, J. (2009). The Black Box of Tertiary Assessment: An Impending Revolution. In L. H. Meyer, S. Davidson, H. Anderson, R. Fletcher, P.M. Johnston, & M. Rees (Eds.), Tertiary Assessment & Higher Education Student Outcomes: Policy, Practice & Research (pp.259-275). Wellington, New Zealand: Ako Aotearoa.

Hausmann, L.R.M., Schofield, J.W. & Woods, R.L. (2007). Sense of Belonging as a Predictor of Intentions to Persist Among African American and White First-Year College Students. Research in Higher Education, 48, 803–839.

Hurtado, S., & Carter, D. F. (1997). Effects of college transition and perceptions of the campus racial climate on Latino college students’ sense of belonging. Sociology of Education, 70(4), 324-345.

Hurtado, S., & Ruiz Alvarado, A. (2015). Discrimination and Bias, Underrepresentation, and Sense of Belonging on Campus. Los Angeles, CA: Higher Education Research Institute.

Jose, P., Ryan, N., & Prior, J. (2012). Does Social Connectedness Promote a Greater Sense of Well-Being in Adolescence Over Time?  Journal of Research on Adolescence, 22(2), 235-251.

Lewis, N. A., Jr., & Sekaquaptewa, D. (2016). Beyond test performance: A broader view of stereotype threat. Current Opinion in Psychology, 11, 40-43.

Logel, C., Walton, G. M., Spencer, S. J., Iserman, E. C., von Hippel, W., & Bell, A. (2009). Interacting with Sexist Men Triggers Social Identity Threat Among Female Engineers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 1089-1103.

Lovett, M.C. (2013). Make Exams Worth More Than the Grade: Using Exam Wrappers to Promote Metacognition. In Using Reflection and Metacognition to Improve Student Learning Across the Disciplines, Across the Academy, edited by Kaplan, M., Silver, N., LaVaque-Manty, D., & Meizlish, D. Stylus Publishing, Sterling, Virginia.

McNair, T. B., Albertine, S. L., Cooper, M. A., McDonald, N. L., & Major, T. (2016). Becoming a student-ready college: A new culture of leadership for student success.

McNair, T.B., Bensimon, E.M., & Malcom‐Piqueux, L. (2020). From Equity Talk to Equity Walk: Expanding Practitioner Knowledge for Racial Justice in Higher Education.

Muenks, K., Canning, E. A., LaCosse, J., Green, D. J., Zirkel, S., Garcia, J. A., & Murphy, M. C. (2020). Does my professor think my ability can change? Students’ perceptions of their STEM professors’ mindset beliefs predict their psychological vulnerability, engagement, and performance in class. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 149(11), 2119–2144.

Murdock-Perriera, L. A., Boucher, K. L., Carter, E. R., & Murphy, M. C. (2019). Places of Belonging: Person- and Place-Focused Interventions to Support Belonging in College. Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research.

Murphy, M.C. & Destin, M. (2016). Promoting Inclusion and Identity Safety to Support College Success. Report prepared for The Century Foundation College Completion Series.

Murphy, M.C., Gopalan, M., Carter, E.R., Emerson, K.T.U., Bottoms, B.L., & Walton, G.M. (2020). A customized belonging intervention improves retention of socially disadvantaged students at a broad-access university. Science Advances, 6(29).

Murphy, M. C., Steele, C. M., & Gross, J. J. (2007). Signaling threat: How situational cues affect women in math, science, and engineering settings. Psychological Science, 18, 879-885.

Murphy, M.C. & Reeves, S. T. (2019). Personal and organizational mindsets at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 39.

Murphy, M. C., & Taylor, V. J. (2012). The role of situational cues in signaling and maintaining stereotype threat. In M. Inzlicht & T. Schmader (Eds.), Stereotype threat: Theory, process, and application (p. 17–33). Oxford University Press.

Nazmi, A., Martinez, S., Byrd, A., & Ritch, L. (2018). A systematic review of food insecurity among US students in higher education. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 1-16.

Rattan, A., Savani, K., Komarraju, M., Morrison, M. M., Boggs, C., & Ambady, N. (2018). Meta-lay theories of scientific potential drive underrepresented students’ sense of belonging to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(1), 54–75.

Steele, C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52(6), 613–629.

Steele, C. M., Spencer, S. J., & Aronson, J. (2002). Contending with group image: The psychology of stereotype and social identity threat. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 34 (p. 379–440). Academic Press.

Stephens, N.M., Fryberg, S.A., Markus, H., Rose, H., Johnson C.S., & Covarrubias, R. (2012). Unseen disadvantage: How American universities’ focus on independence undermines the academic performance of first-generation college students. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1178-1197.

Stephens, N. M., Hamedani, M. G., & Destin, M. (2014). Closing the Social-Class Achievement Gap: A Difference-Education Intervention Improves First-Generation Students’ Academic Performance and All Students’ College Transition. Psychological Science, 25, 943–953.

Tinto V. (1987). Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Tinto, V. (1993). Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition (2nd edn.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Umbach, P.D., Wawrzynski, M.R. (2005). Faculty do Matter: The Role of College Faculty in Student Learning and Engagement. Research in Higher Education 46, 153–184.

Walton, G. M. & Brady, S. T. (2017). The many questions of belonging. In A. Elliot, C. Dweck, & D. Yeager (Eds.). Handbook of Competence and Motivation (2nd Edition): Theory and Application (pp. 272-293), Guilford Press: New York.

Walton, G. M. & Brady, S. T. (2020). The social-belonging intervention. In G. M. Walton & A. J. Crum (Eds.) Handbook of Wise Interventions: How Social Psychology Can Help People Change, Guilford Press: New York.

Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. (2007).  A Question of Belonging: Race, Social Fit, and Achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 82-96.

Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2011). A Brief Social-Belonging Intervention Improves Academic and Health Outcomes of Minority Students. Science, 331, 1447-1452.

Walton G.M., Cohen G.L., Cwir D., Spencer S.J. (2012).  Mere belonging: The power of social connections. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 102(3), 513-532.

Walton, G. M., Logel, C., Peach, J., Spencer, S, & Zanna, M. P. (2015). Two Brief Interventions to Mitigate a “Chilly” Climate Transform Women’s Experience, Relationships, and Achievement in Engineering. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107, 468-485.

Walton, G. M., & Yeager, D. S. (2020). Seed and soil: Psychological affordances in contexts help to explain where wise interventions succeed or fail. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 29(3), 219–226.

Wellbery, C. & Mishori, R. (2018). Deck the Halls With Diverse Portraits. JAMA 320(6), 528–530.

Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge University Press.

Yeager, D.S., Carroll, J.M., Buontempo, J., Cimpian, A., Woody, S., Crosnoe, R., Muller, C., Murray, J., Mhatre, P., Kersting, N., Hulleman, C., Kudym, M., Murphy, M., Duckworth, A., Walton, G.M., & Dweck, C.S. (2022). Teacher mindsets help explain where a growth mindset intervention does and doesn’t work. Psychological Science, 33, 18-32.

Yeager, D. S., Purdie-Vaughns, V., Garcia, J., Apfel, N., Brzustoski, P., Master, A., Hessert, W., & Williams, M. (2014). Breaking the Cycle of Mistrust: Wise Interventions to Provide Critical Feedback Across the Racial Divide. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 804–824.

Yeager, D. S., Walton, G. M., Brady, S. T., Akcinar, E. N., Paunesku, D., Keane, L., Kamentz, D., Ritter, G., Duckworth, A. L., Urstein, R., Gomez, E. M., Markus, H. R., Cohen, G. L., & Dweck, C. S. (2016). Teaching a lay theory before college narrows achievement gaps at scale. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113.

Yoon, E., Hacker, J., Hewitt, A., Abrams, M., & Cleary, S. (2012). Social connectedness, discrimination, and social status as mediators of acculturation/enculturation and well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(1), 86–96.

 

Key Research Behind the SEP

The First Day Toolkit: Creating a Sense of Belonging on the First Day of Class

April 8, 2022

On April 21, the Student Experience Project released the First Day Toolkit to help faculty use evidence-based practices to revise their course syllabi to advance student success. The toolkit, which is informed by a pilot of nearly 300 instructors from 16 institutions  includes a self-paced, video-based syllabus revision module, a syllabus review guide, a workshop facilitation guide, and more to help faculty and institutions easily put the research into practice.

The First Day Toolkit includes:

  • An online syllabus revision module with recorded videos to demonstrate practical tips for developing syllabi.
  • A syllabus review guide to help faculty revise syllabi to promote a growth mindset after completing the module.
  • A workshop facilitation guide to inform workshops with several faculty on syllabus revisions may wish to convene faculty to workshop ideas and debrief the revision process.
  • A set of first day practices designed to promote student belonging, equity, and growth on the first day of class after revising their syllabi.

To launch the toolkit, the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities and Coalition of Urban Serving Universities hosted a webinar with leaders from three institutions from the Student Experience Project and Peer Learning Network. Click here to view a recording of the webinar.

 

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